Ratchet-movement.



PATENTE) MAR. 6, QGG.

W. A. PEUX.

RATCHET MVEMENT.

APPLIoATIox rum 123.25.1905.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM ALLEN PECK, OF JERSEY CITY, NEW JERSEY.

HATCH ET-NIOVEMENT.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented March 6, 1906.

Application iiled February 25, 1905. Serial No. 247,378.

To all whom it may concern:

Beit known that I, WILLIAM ALLEN PEcK, a citizen of the United States of America, residing at Jersey City, in the county ci Hudson and State of New Jersey, have invented new and useful Im rovernents in Ratchet- Movements, ci whic the following is a speciication.

This invention relates to bit-braces and like rotatable tools, the object thereof bein to provide a ratchet mechanism for' tools o this class whereby the tool-chuck associated therewith may be rotated to the right or loft.

The invention resides, essentially, in the peculiar construction of the ratchet device and its ada tation to the tool and in the constructiono the casing,which receives the operative parts of the ratchet device, whereby all dirt and metal chips may be excluded .from these parts and the co'st of production Ieduced.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a sectional elevation of that art of a bit-brace in which the invention has een embodied in its preferred forni. Fig. 2 is a sectional view in a plane at Vright angles to that of Fig. 1 and indicated by the line 2 2 on that re, one paWl-tcoth being in dotted lines. ig` 3 is another sectional view, the plane of which is on line 3 3 of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a side elevation and end view of a cam-ring to actuate the pawls of the ratchets. f

-Referring to the drawings, o indicates a hollow cylindrical casin having one closed end b and a rectangular y-disposed tubular extension d, the periphe of which is .subtantially in the plane of said closed end ofthe casing. The outer end of the tubular extension, which is round in cross-section, is screwthreaded internally, as at e, and the lower end of the crank-armfof the brace is screwed thereinl a portion only of this arm being shown 1n the drawings. Preferably this arm is pinned in place, as by the in g, or other- Wise non-rotatably fixed in p ace. Located in the casing a is the c lindrical head h, chambered out to receive t e chuck-jaws j, a sleeve lc being screwed on the lower end of the head to close the jaws on the shank of a tool in the usual manner, this particular chuck construction forming no part of the invention.

The upper end of the head h has fitted thereon non rotatably or formed integral therewith the ratchet m, the teeth of which run arallel with the axis ofthe head, and eX- ten ing axially of the head and preferably iorrnin a part thereof is the cylindrical stern o, whic iextends beyond the top of the ratchet through the closed end b of the casing, the end ofthe stern being provided with a nut jp and a check-nut for the latter, whereby the head ma l be rotatably suspended from the upper en of said casin In the drawings the ratchet has been s own as integral with the head. Ii desired, an annular groove may be turned in the to of the ratchet or the under side of the close end of the casing and balls g located in said groove to take thc thrust of the head when the tool is in use.

Preferably an annular ilange r is formed on the head h and a suitable washer or bearingring r interposed between it and the lower end oi the casing a to close the latter against the entrance of chips or anything which would cause the head to bind and also to constitute a bearing for the head and take the side strain oilthe stern o.

The awls s and t are, as shown in Fig. 3, made o half-round metal pieces, which when put together face to face will make a substantially round bar longitudinally divided, each half of which wili be slidable on the other in the tubular extension d, in which the pawls will when so assembled have an easy fit. Each pawl has a pawl-tooth s formed on the ends thereof in reversed positions, with one flat side and one beveled side, as shown in Fig. 2, these teeth engaginglthe contiguous sides of the two ratchet-test side of the axis of the tubular extension d, in which the pawls are located.

A plu o is screwed into the threaded outer end of t e tubular extension d before the end of the arm f is secured therein and serves as an abutment for two s rin s fw, located between the outer end o eac pawl and said plug. This latter element provides means to adjust the tension of the pawl-springs referred to. Pins 'w' in the ends of the awls to support the springs may be used, if desl-red.

In each pawl steady-pins a: are secured, which extend in opposite directions through slots 'y in the extension d, their ends extending farenough beyond the surface of said exm5 l tension to be enga ed by the cam-sha ed edge of the ring 3, (s own in Fig. 4,) whic 1s rotatably located on the extension d, its.

disposed each.

IOG.

This inclosing sleeve serves to cover the open slots y, and thus revent the entrance of chips therethrough into the extension d. The cam-ring 3 is made, as usual in constructions of this character, with a cam ed e so disposed that when the ring is rotate to withdraw one pawl, as in Fig. 1, from engagement with the ratchet the low part of the cam edge will permit the other pawl to be advanced by its spring into engagement with the ratchet, this cam edge of the ring being so disposed that when the latter is rotated to another po sition both pawls will be in the position shown in Fi 2.

If esired, a washer or bearing-ring may be interposed between the nut p and the closed end of the casing.

From the foregoing description it is seen that all of the operative parts of the ratchet mechanism` are -mclosed 1n a dust-proof casing and that the latter requires but little machming to finish it for the reception of its contained parts, that the half-round ratchets are capable of being fitted in the tubular extension at a very slight expense and are so mounted therein as to insure their operation with the smallest liability of binding, and that the pawl-springs may be adjusted as de scribed. In th1s connection it should be further explained that one of the practical advantages of the present invention arises from the fact that the tubular extension d is a true cylinder, the same having a true cylindrical bore and a cylindrical outer surface. This is of considerable importance in the manufacture of the brace, for the 'reason that it is simply necessary to lightly dress up the boreof the tubular extension to provide a perfect bearing for the two pawls s and t, which are made of half-round or semicylindrical ieces Whose flat sides or faces abut and slide one upon the other, while the rounded surfaces of the pawls slidabl register with the correspondin ly-shape bore of the tubular extenslon. A. so it will be observed that the slots y, for the steady-pins of the awls are vlocated in diametrically opposite si es of the tubular extension, so that 1n one operation of the tool both of the said slots may be formed. Furthermore, in the operation of the parts it will be observed that this construction provides means wherein each pawl is steadied, guided, and supported not only by its own steadypin, but also by the other pawl and the steadypin of the latter. Hence all of the several structural features involved in the mounting of the pawls provides for maintaining the same perfectly centered and properly guided.

The construction described and the parts emphasized possess marked advantages over constructions wherein separate chambers and guiding means are provided for the individual pawls. Furthermore, it will be observed that by reason of the half-round form of the pawls the teeth thereof are of a combined width exactly e ualing the width of ratchet-face of the rate et member.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patl 1. In a ratchet device, a hollow casing having a tubular extension, semicylindrical pawls arranged in matching relation within said extension and slidable one u on the other, pressure-springs for said paw s, an. adjusting der vice for the springs carried by said extensiom a camming device for movingthe pawls ino` posite directions, and a ratchet rotatal'ilgy` supported in the casing.

2. In a ratchet device a hollow casing hav ing one closed end and a tubularextensionf the latter and said casin being internally cy-A lindrical with rectangu arly'- disposed axes,

the outer end of said extension being screw--A threaded; pawls located in saidextension, slidable one relative to the other; an adjust-V able member in said extension and-a springfor the pawls between the latterfandsai member, means to move the pawls in 4oppo site directions, and a ratchet rotatablyisu ported in the hollow casing with which said pawls engage; means to close the o en end of the casing and the open end oft e tubular extension. y

3. In a ratchet device, a hollow casing'having a tubular extension provided with a cylindrical bore, and opposltely-dispos'ed uid# ing slots, spring pressed semicylin pawls arranged in matching relation Within rical said cylindrical bore with their flat faces.

abutting and slidable one upon fthe. other, said awls having their. rounded surfaces abuttlng and sliding on the cylindrical wall of the bore, and provided with steadyepins working in said slots, an adjusting deviceffer moving the pawls in opposite directions, and i a ratchet detachably supported in thecasing and engaged b the teet 4 of the saidl pawls 4. In a ratc et device, a casing havin sa" tubular extension provided with a cylindrical bore, semicylindrlcal pawls arran ed i 1n matching relation within thelbore and aving their fiat faces abuttin and sliding one upon. the other, the-round surace of the awls abutting and sliding on the cylindrica Wall of the bore, pressure-spring arranged to move the4 pawls 1n one direction, a camming-sleevei1`t-` tin on the exterior of the tubular extension an operatively connected Withboth pawls,`

and a cover-sleeve fittingy to said .camming-w sleeve and covering theconnections between the same and the awls.

WIL IAM ALLEN PEOK. Witnesses:

A. K. MoDoNALD, H. W. BRIGHAM.

TIO 

